This paper explores the Earth's interior and its dynamic interaction with the crust, including: the major rocks and minerals; interpreting the rock record and geologic maps; the geological time scale and fossils; plate tectonics; volcanism; earthquakes.

He tūhura nō tēnei pepa i te kōpū o Papatūānuku me tōna pāhekoheko hihiri i te kirinuki tae atu ana ki ngā toka me ngā kohuke matua; he whakamārama nōna i ngā pūranga me ngā mahere o te huinga toka me te tanuku, ngā āinga papaneke, ko ā Ruaimoko hahaunga, rūnga whenua hoki.

Teaching Periods and Locations


25B (HAM) Paper outline	B Trimester : 07 Jul 2025 - 02 Nov 2025	Hamilton	On-campus	60% internal assessment, 40% examinations

If your paper outline is not linked below, try the previous year's version of this paper.

The paper includes a field trip on the weekend.

Indicative Fees

Domestic

International


25B (HAM)	$1,036

You will be sent an enrolment agreement which will confirm your fees. Tuition fees shown are indicative only and may change. There are additional fees and charges related to enrolment - please see the Table of Fees and Charges for more information.


25B (HAM)	$5,028

You will be sent an enrolment agreement which will confirm your fees. Tuition fees shown are indicative only and may change. There are additional fees and charges related to enrolment - please see the Table of Fees and Charges for more information.

EARTH102

Teaching Periods and Locations

Indicative Fees

Available subjects

Disciplinary Foundation Papers

Earth Sciences

Environmental Planning

Geology

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